General Psychology
Memory

(1)    Introduction

• Memory in terms of information processing

  • encoding

  • storage

  • retrieval

• Memory systems

  • sensory memory

  • short-term memory

  • long-term memory

(2)    Encoding

• Automatic versus effortful processing

• Importance of rehearsal, spacing, and serial position

• Importance of meaning, imagery, and organization such as chunking (exercise in imagery)

(3)    Storage

• Sensory memory

  • iconic and echoic memories

• Short-term memory: a very limited, seconds long retention of up to about seven items.

• Long-term memory: nearly unlimited capacity to permanently store information

  • long term potentiation

  • hippocampus and explicit memory

  • cerebellum and implicit memory (conditioning)

(4)    Retrieval

• Recognition: a measure of memory where one identifies items previously learned (multiple-choice exam)

• Recall: a measure of memory where one retrieves previously learned information with the help of few cues

• Retrieval cues

  • priming

  • state dependent memory

  • mood congruent memory

  • deja vu

• Interference (forgetting)

  • proactive/retroactive

  • repression

• Reliability

  • repression

  • misinformation effect

  • source amnesia